The strength and density of bones are assessed with a bone density test, often known as a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) scan. This test examines the mineral content of the bones and aids in the diagnosis of diseases including osteoporosis and osteopenia, which are characterised by weak bones that are more prone to fractures. Bone density tests are essential for determining the condition of the bones, directing treatment choices, and avoiding fractures.