Evaluation of electrolyte balance, cardiac arrhythmia, muscular weakness, hepatic encephalopathy, and renal failure Potassium should be monitored during treatment of many conditions but especially in diabetic ketoacidosis and any intravenous therapy for fluid replacement.Potassium is an essential element involved in critical cell functions. Potassium levels are influenced by electrolyte intake, excretion and other means of elimination, exercise, hydration and medications.